Anxiety is a result of the body’s natural reaction to stress, producing adrenaline to enable people to perform at their very best. It is the production of so-called “fight-or-flight” hormones that cause the feeling of butterflies in the stomach before an exam. They are also responsible for the ability to run away when coming under attack.
Sometimes, though, the body begins to trigger this defence mechanism in inappropriate situations. The symptoms could occur as a result of a specific phobia or fear, a stress-related disorder or generalised anxiety disorder (GAD).
Symptoms of Anxiety
The symptoms of anxiety manifest themselves as both psychological and physical symptoms, each of which can be equally distressing. Psychologically, sufferers may feel irritable and agitated, concern that a disaster is about occur or that they are about to experience a loss of control in some way.
The physical symptoms, however, can be so severe that they are often mistaken for a heart attack, and include:
- palpitations or a racing heart;
- difficulty breathing;
- chest pains or a tightness across the chest;
- dry mouth;
- nausea;
- dizziness;
- shaking;
- sweating; and
- upset stomach.
This is by no means an exhaustive list of symptoms, and one person may experience them in a slightly different way than another. Suffering any one of these symptoms, apparently for no reason and with no explanation, however, could cause further increased levels of anxiety, making the symptoms worse. Knowing that they can be attributed to anxiety and taking steps to deal with that can make a big difference.
Treatment of Anxiety
Given the nature of the symptoms, it is vital to seek advice from a medical professional in order to rule out any underlying medical conditions. Only then will it be possible to prescribe the appropriate treatment plan.
Anxiety often, although not exclusively, co-exists with depression. It is fortunate in such cases that many antidepressant medications are also effective at treating the symptoms of anxiety as well as alleviating those of depression. After a thorough discussion and assessment of possible causes, a GP will be in a position to tailor the antidepressant medication to the symptoms being presented.
A GP may also suggest relaxation techniques, which can be of great assistance to someone suffering from anxiety. Breathing techniques, in particular, can help those who experience difficulty breathing as one of their symptoms.
Many sufferers of anxiety also find relief by undergoing cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). However, this treatment is not widely available on the NHS and, where it is available, the waiting lists are very long for it. One alternative is Living Life to the Full, a free online resource which teaches the principles of CBT and is open to everyone.
Anyone suffering from anxiety attacks need not suffer alone. Medical intervention, relaxation techniques and CBT are just a few of the ways that anxiety can be brought under control.
For more information on coping with panic attacks, see also: Manage Your Panic Attacks.
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